Three-panel collage: left, a group of light-colored goats clustered together; center, a curlew with brown speckled plumage and a long down-curved bill wading in shallow water, a red band on its leg; right, a close-up of a small bat with light fur and large ears being held gently in gloved hands.

From goats that can sense upcoming volcanic eruptions to wildlife that can prevent poaching, scientists are tapping into the “secret knowledge” of animals